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Iroquois

**Location** The original homeland of the Iroquois was in upstate New York. They gained control over most of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada. Its maximum was in 1680. The American invasion of their Homeland in 1779 drove many of the Iroquois into southern Ontario where they have remained.

**Culture** The Iroquois worship animals. The individual tribes were divided into three clans,turtle, bear, and wolf-each headed by the clan mother.The women owned property and determined kinship. After marriage, a man maved into his wife's longhouse, and their childran became members of her clan. Agirculture provided most of the Iroquois diet. Corn beans, and squash were known as "deohako" or life supporters. The women owned and tended the fields under the supervision of the clan mother. Men ussually left the village in the fall for the annual hunt and returned about mid winter. Spring was fishing season. Iroquois lived in upstate New York for a long time before the Europeans arrived. Longhouse Construction dates alongways back. The exact date of the migration is uncertain. The Iroquois left the St. Lawrence and moved south to New York where they split into opposing tribes. British Siezed New York in 1664.
 * History**

**Major people** Jacques Cartier first explored the St. Lawrence in 1535, there were Iroquoian speaking people living in at least eleven villages between Stadecona and Hochelaga. The Iroquois leader is Tachnechdorus, or more commonly known as Logan. In 1747, Caldwallder Colden, the Lieutenant governer of New York colony, wrote the first accounts of the Iroquois constitution and political system. Colden was considerd a scholar of British colonial affairs. Through his political and work he became very close to the Iroquois people. Colden's experiences with the Iroquois are documented on the province of New York in America.

**Weapons** The Iroquois used tomahawk, lances mostly. Tomahawk is a symbol of the culture. The tomahawk was an axe-like piece of equipment that had a wooden handle with a head made of stone. They would create especially long lances that were used by the horse riders to knock of their opponets from their animals.

**Art** The Iroquois like to make masks, and tomahawks. They carve the masks from wood. To make the mask the Iroquois walked through the woods until he found a tree whose spirit talked to him. After talking to the tree, the indian built a fire. He sprinkled tobacco, then stripped bark from the tree. Next the indian outlined a face, and cut out the section of the tree he had outlined. Then the indian carved it, then put hair and feathers on it.

**Customs The Iroquois had six festivals each year. Each festival lasted several days. During their festivals music was made by shaking rattles and beating drums. Rattles were made from grounds and turtle shells. The festivals were held to give thanks to the good spirits for health, cloths, food, and happiness. **

**Housing** Longhouses were the main house in the Iroquois history. To make a house the men gatherd wood from the forest. Then they peeled the bark off and cut the bark into big pieces. Then they dug holes for the poles. Then they put horizontal poles across the vertical poles for more support. The men strapped the poles with bark. Then the entire framework was coverd with bark.

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